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Reconsolidation: Propagation of spreading depression between the neocortex and the hippocampus: the barrier of the entorhinal cortex

von Tanja Martens-Mantai

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[1.] Tmm/Fragment 014 01 - Diskussion
Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2014-04-27 00:35:23 Hindemith
El Harrak 2009, Fragment, Gesichtet, KomplettPlagiat, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Tmm

Typus
KomplettPlagiat
Bearbeiter
Hindemith
Gesichtet
Untersuchte Arbeit:
Seite: 14, Zeilen: 1-15
Quelle: El Harrak 2009
Seite(n): 12, Zeilen: 1ff
Material and methods

Adult rats (250–300 g) were decapitated under deep methohexital anaesthesia and the brains were rapidly removed to ice-cold (4 °C) artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). The cerebellum was removed and a cut was made to divide the two cerebral hemispheres. Combined amygdala-hippocampus–cortex slices containing the temporal cortex, the perirhinal cortex, the entorhinal cortex, the subiculum, the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus, as well as the amygdala (500 μm) were cut in a nearly horizontal plane. Up to two different slices from each side were collected in a preparation. Slices were stored at 28 °C in ACSF, which contained (in mm) NaCl, 124; KCl, 4; CaCl2, 1.0; NaH2PO4, 1.24; MgSO4, 1.3; NaHCO3, 26; glucose, 10 (pH 7.4), oxygenated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 for > 1 h. After 30-min incubation, CaCl2 was elevated to 2.0 mmol/L. Slices were individually transferred to an interphase recording chamber, placed on a transparent membrane, illuminated from below and continuously perfused (1.5–2 mL/min) with carbogenated ACSF at 32 °C. A warmed, humified 95% O2 and 5% CO2 gas mixture was directed over the surface of the slices.

Material and methods

Slice preparation

Adult rats (250–300 g) were decapitated under deep methohexital anaesthesia and the brains were rapidly removed to ice-cold (4 °C) artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). The cerebellum was removed and a cut was made to divide the two cerebral hemispheres. Slices containing the temporal cortex, the perirhinal cortex, the entorhinal cortex, the subiculum, the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus, as well as the amygdala (500 μm) were cut in a nearly horizontal plane. Up to two different slices from each side were collected in a preparation. Slices were stored at 28 °C in ACSF, which contained (in mm) NaCl, 124; KCl, 4; CaCl2, 1.0; NaH2PO4, 1.24; MgSO4, 1.3; NaHCO3, 26; glucose, 10 (pH 7.4), oxygenated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 for > 1 h. After 30-min incubation, CaCl2 was elevated to 2.0 mmol/L. Slices were individually transferred to an interphase recording chamber, placed on a transparent membrane, illuminated from below and continuously perfused (1.5–2 mL/min) with carbogenated ACSF at 32 °C. A warmed, humified 95% O2 and 5% CO2 gas mixture was directed over the surface of the slices.

Anmerkungen

The source is not mentioned.

Sichter
(Hindemith) Schumann


[2.] Tmm/Fragment 014 16 - Diskussion
Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2014-04-27 01:38:52 Hindemith
Fragment, Gesichtet, Granz 2009, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Tmm, Verschleierung

Typus
Verschleierung
Bearbeiter
Hindemith
Gesichtet
Untersuchte Arbeit:
Seite: 14, Zeilen: 16-27
Quelle: Granz 2009
Seite(n): 16, Zeilen: 10-21
Electrophysiological recordings

Extracellular field potentials were recorded with glass microelectrodes (150 mmol/l NaCl; 2–10 MΩ) connected to the amplifier by an Ag/AgCl–KCl bridge in the third layer of temporal neocortical tissues as well as in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas. Field potentials were traced by an ink-writer and recorded by a digital oscilloscope.

Induction of neocortical SD

SD was elicited by KCl microinjection. A glass electrode filled with 2 M KCl was fixed in a special holder connected with plastic tube to a pressure injector and the tip inserted into the sixth layer of the neocortical slices. A high-pressure pulse was applied to inject an amount of K+ in the tissue sufficient to induce cortical SD (tip diameter: 2 m; [sic] injection pressure 0.5–1.0 bar applied for 200-300 ms, two injections, 1–3 nl per pulse).

1. Electrophysiological recordings

Extracellular field potentials were recorded with glass microelectrodes (150 mmol/l NaCl; 2–10 MΩ) connected to the amplifier by an Ag/AgCl–KCl bridge in the third and the fifth layers of neocortical tissues. Field potentials were traced by an ink-writer and recorded by a digital oscilloscope.

2. Induction of neocortical SD

SD was elicited by KCl microinjection. A glass electrode filled with 2 M KCl was fixed in a special holder connected with plastic tube to a pressure injector and the tip inserted into the sixth layer of the neocortical slices. A high-pressure pulse was applied to inject an amount of K+ in the tissue sufficient to induce cortical SD (tip diameter: 2 m; [sic] injection pressure 0.5–1.0 bar applied for 200-300 ms, two injections, 1–3 nl per pulse).

Anmerkungen

The source is not mentioned.

Sichter
(Hindemith) Schumann



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