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| [1.] Dsi/Fragment 291 01 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2022-12-29 20:53:16 Schumann | BauernOpfer, Dsi, Fragment, Fröhlich 2004, Gesichtet, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 291, Zeilen: 1-3, 8-13 |
Quelle: Fröhlich 2004 Seite(n): 69, 72, Zeilen: 69: 26-36; 72: 22-28 |
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| [It seems] that the very attributes that get women into the communications sector – sensitivity, caring, honesty, fairness or morality – often are also associated with a lack of assertiveness and weak leadership skills (Cline, 1989). This, as Fröhlich (2004) argues, will result in women falling into the “friendliness trap” without even knowing it because people who are accustomed to being applauded because of their particular skills usually would not consider that these same skills could actually be a disadvantage later on in their career.
The truth is, as in many other professions, women often seem to leave behind their journey to the top of the corporate ladder in public relations. The reasons behind this include: starting a family; taking care of children; “double shifts” in career and home (Rakow, 1989); discrimination through sex-role stereotyping; lack of support from home and from employers; male-female interaction and/or social norms (Grunig, 1989); as well as greater control from management. Cline, C. G. (1989). Public Relations. The $1 million penalty for being a woman. In P. J. Creedon (Ed.), Women in mass communication. Challenging gender values (pp. 263–275). Newbury Park, London, New Delhi: Sage. Fröhlich, R. (2004). Feminine and feminist values in communication professions: Exceptional skills and expertise or 'friendliness trap'? In M. de Bruin and K. Ross (Eds.), Gender & newsroom cultures: Industries at work (pp. 67-80). Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. Grunig, J. (1989). Symmetrical presuppositions as a framework for public relations theory. In C.H. Botan & V. Hazelton (Eds.), Public relations theory (pp. 17-44). Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Rakow, L.F. (1989). Feminist studies: The next stage. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 6(2), 209-213. |
[page 72]
Perhaps the very attributes that get women into the communications sector—sensitivity, caring, honesty, fairness or morality—are also associated with a lack of assertiveness, poor conflict management, and weak leadership skills (see, e.g., Cline, 1989). The result is that women fall into the “friendliness trap” without even realizing it. People who are constantly praised because of their particular skills would perhaps not consider that these same skills could prove to be a disadvantage at some later point in their career.
DO WOMEN COMMUNICATE BETTER? That women appear to abandon their journey to the top of the corporate ladder is a process that has been witnessed in other professions. In regions such as North America and Europe, the reasons behind women’s “disappearing act" in communications professions are sufficiently well-known: starting a family, the associated responsibilities of raising children, “double shifts" in career and home (Gallagher, 1981; Lafky, 1991; Neveu, in press; Rakow, 1989a; Robinson, in press; van Zoonen, 1994); lack of support at home and from employers, discrimination through gender-role stereotyping, male-female interaction and/or social norms (Grunig, 1989), and greater control from management (Löfgren-Nilsson, 1993). Cline, C. G. (1989). Public relations. The $1 million penalty for being a woman. In P. J. Creedon (Ed.), Women in mass communication. Challenging gender values (pp. 263–275). Newbury Park, CA, London, New Delhi: Sage. Gallagher. M. (1981). Unequal opportunities. The case of women and the media. Paris: UNESCO. Lafky. S. (1991). Women journalists. In D. H. Weaver & G. C. Wilhoit (Eds ). The American journalist: A portrait of U.S. news people an [sic] their work (2nd ed., pp. 160-181). Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Löfgren Nilsson [sic]. M. (1993). Klimat och kön (Climate and gender). Goteborg: Department of Journalism and Mass Communication. Goteborg University. Neveu. E. (in press). Female journalists in France. In R. Fröhlich & S. Lafky (Eds.). Women journalists in the western world: What surveys tell us. Cresskill. NJ: Hampton Press. Rakow. L. F. (1989a). A bridge to the future: Re-visioning gender in communication. In P. J. Creedon (Ed.). Women in mass communication: Challenging gender values (pp. 299-312). Newbury Park. CA: Sage. Robinson. G. J. (in press). Theorizing the impact of gender in Canadian journalism. In R. Fröhlich & S. Lafky (Eds.). Women journalists in the western world: What surveys tell us. Cresskill. NJ: Hampton Press. van Zoonen, L. (1994). Feminist media studies. London: Sage. |
The source is given for one sentence in lines 3-7, therefore these lines are not counted. But it is not made clear that both the text before and after this sentence are also taken from Fröhlich 2004. |
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