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| [1.] Dsi/Fragment 092 01 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2021-09-18 13:02:20 WiseWoman | BauernOpfer, Dsi, Fragment, Gesichtet, Hoofd 1997, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 92, Zeilen: 1-16 |
Quelle: Hoofd 1997 Seite(n): online, Zeilen: - |
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| [This theorization about women was done in order to find out how the patriarchal ideology was thought to work and to show how masculinity within this] ideology was attempting to claim universality, whereas femininity was used as its mere projection. Key work in this field was, for instance, Simone de Beauvoir's Second Sex. Later, several other feminist scholars, like Kate Millett, took up De Beauvoir's ideas (Hoofd, 1997).
As Rosi Braidotti articulately points out in her book Nomadic Subjects, this description of the difference between men and women has led to a dichotomy where 'normal subjectivity' is masculine subjectivity which is then phallogocentric, universal, rational, capable of transcendence, self-regulating, conscious, and denying bodily origins. The female is then conceived as the lack, the other-than-the-subject, irrational, uncontrolled, imminent [sic] and identified with the body (Hoofd, 1997). De Beauvoir thus thought that the best feminist political and theoretical thing to do for women was to gain the same entitlement to subjectivity as men. Therefore women had to go for transcendence and rationality in order to bring their existence, which De Beauvoir thought as being yet unrepresented, into representation. In other words, in her idea, woman is seen as minus-man or woman as the other. Braidotti calls this working scheme sexual difference level one (Hoofd, 1997). |
This conceptualizing of woman was done in order to reveal how the patriarchal ideology was thought to work and to show how masculinity within this ideology is attempting to put up an air of being the universal, whereas femininity is used as it's mere projection. A major pioneering work on this field was for instance Simone de Beauvoir's Second Sex. Later on several other feminist scholars, like Kate Millett, took up De Beauvoir's ideas.
As Rosi Braidotti lucidly points out in her book Nomadic Subjects this description of the difference between men and women resulted in a dichotomy were 'normal subjectivity' is masculine subjectivity which is then phallogocentric, universal, rational, capable of transcendence, self-regulating, conscious and denying bodily origins, whereas the female is then conceived as the lack, the other-than-the-subject (which is then seen as an automatical devaloration), irrational, uncontroled, immanent and identified with the body. De Beauvoir thus thought that the best feminist political and theoretical thing to do for women was to gain the same entitlement to subjectivity as men. Women thus had to go for transcendence and rationality in order to bring their existence, which De Beauvoir thought as being yet unrepresented, into representation. In short, in her scheme Woman is seen as minus-Man or Woman as the Other. Braidotti calls this working scheme sexual difference level one. |
The source is given, but it is not made clear how close the text is to the source. Additionally, ‘’Hoofd 1997’’ is not listed in the references. The words “immanent” and “imminent” have quite different meanings. |
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| [2.] Dsi/Fragment 092 17 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2020-10-13 08:04:59 WiseWoman | Dsi, Fragment, Gesichtet, Ivy Backlund 2004, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Verschleierung |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 92, Zeilen: 17-23 |
Quelle: Ivy Backlund 2004 Seite(n): 16, Zeilen: 16 ff. |
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| Some critics argue that feminism is dead or “stolen” (Hoff Sommers, 1994) or that the society has moved into a “post-feminist” existence because feminism is no longer necessary (Denfeld, 1995; Roiphe, 1993). However, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Susan Faludi, author of Backlash: The Undeclared War against American Women (1991) and Stiffed: The Betrayal of the American Man (2000), argues that every time women move toward equality, a backlash occurs to restrain them, as was the case for the first and second waves of feminism.
Denfeld, R. (1995). The new Victorians: A young woman’s challenge to the old feminist order. New York: Warner. Faludi, S. (1991). Backlash: The undeclared war against American women. New York: Crown. Faludi, S. (2000). Stiffed: The betrayal of the American men [sic]. New York: Williams [sic] Morrow. Hoff Sommers, C. (1994). Who stole feminism? How women have betrayed women. New York: Simon & Schuster. Roiphe, K. (1993). The morning after: Sex, fear, and feminism on campus. Boston: Little Brown. |
The Third Wave of Feminism
Some critics contend that feminism is dead or "stolen" (Hoff Sommers, 1994) or that we have moved into a "post-feminist" existence because feminism is no longer necessary (Denfeld, 1995; Roiphe, 1993). However, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Susan Faludi, author of Backlash: The Undeclared War against American Women (1991) and Stiffed: The Betrayal of the American Man (2000), contends that each time women move toward equality, a backlash occurs to restrain them, as was the case for the first and second waves of feminism. Denfeld, R. (1995). The new Victorians: A young woman's challenge to the old feminist order. New York: Warner. Faludi, S. (1991). Backlash: The undeclared war against American women. New York: Crown. Faludi, S. (2000). Stiffed: The betrayal of the American man. New York: William Morrow. Hoff Sommers, C. (1994). Who stole feminism? How women have betrayed women. New York: Simon & Schuster. Roiphe, K. (1993). The morning after: Sex, fear, and feminism on campus. Boston: Little Brown. |
The true source is not given. Dsi sometimes forgets to put book titles in italics. |
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