von Dr. Diana Sandulache
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| [1.] Dsa/Fragment 039 01 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2016-08-06 20:29:51 WiseWoman | Boini 2006, Dsa, Fragment, Gesichtet, KomplettPlagiat, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 39, Zeilen: 1-6 |
Quelle: Boini 2006 Seite(n): 21, Zeilen: 2ff |
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| The in vivo significance of SGK1 in regulation of renal K+ transport was recently analyzed in SGK1 KO mice. These mice indeed show a disturbed adaptation to an acute and chronic K+ load, but, as indicated by electrophysiological and immunohistochemical data obtained from these mice after a chronic potassium load, this maladaptation likely is related to altered ENaC (or Na+, K+-ATPase) activity in the ASDN cells rather than to inhibition of ROMK cell surface targeting or activity (Huang DY. et al., (2004) J Am Soc Neprhol). | The in vivo significance of SGK1 in regulation of renal K+ transport was recently analyzed in SGK1 KO mice. These mice indeed show a disturbed adaptation to an acute and chronic K+ load, but, as indicated by electrophysiological and immunohistochemical data obtained from these mice after a chronic potassium load, this maladaptation likely is related to altered ENaC (or Na+,K+-ATPase) activity in the ASDN cells rather than to inhibition of ROMK cell surface targeting or activity (Huang et al., 2004). |
The source is not given. |
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| [2.] Dsa/Fragment 039 09 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2016-08-07 21:02:22 WiseWoman | Bowen 2003, Dsa, Fragment, Gesichtet, KomplettPlagiat, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 39, Zeilen: 9-25 |
Quelle: Bowen 2003 Seite(n): 1 (online source), Zeilen: - |
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| It is critical to maintain blood calcium concentrations within a tight normal range. Deviations above or below the normal range frequently lead to serious diseases. There are three major pools of calcium in the body:
• Intracellular calcium: a large majority of calcium within cells is sequestered in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Intracellular free calcium concentrations fluctuate greatly, from roughly 100 nM to greater than 1 μM, due to release from cellular stores or influx from extracellular fluid. These fluctuations are integral to calcium's role in intracellular signaling, enzyme activation and muscle contractions. • Calcium in blood and extracellular fluid: roughly half of the calcium in blood is bound to proteins. The concentration of ionized calcium in this compartment is normally almost invariant at approximately 1 mM or 10000 times the basal concentration of free calcium within cells. Also, the concentration of phosphorus in blood is essentially identical to that of calcium. • Bone calcium: a vast majority of body calcium is in bone. Within bone, 99% of the calcium is tied up in the mineral phase, but the remaining 1% is in a pool that can rapidly exchange with extracellular calcium. |
It is critical to maintain blood calcium concentrations within a tight normal range. Deviations above or below the normal range frequently lead to serious disease.
[...] There are three major pools of calcium in the body: • Intracellular calcium: A large majority of calcium within cells is sequestered in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Intracellular free calcium concentrations fluctuate greatly, from roughly 100 nM to greater than 1 uM, due to release from cellular stores or influx from extracellular fluid. These fluctuations are integral to calcium's role in intracellular signaling, enzyme activation and muscle contractions. • Calcium in blood and extracellular fluid: Roughly half of the calcium in blood is bound to proteins. The concentration of ionized calcium in this compartment is normally almost invariant at approximately 1 mM, or 10,000 times the basal concentration of free calcium within cells. Also, the concentration of phosphorus in blood is essentially identical to that of calcium. • Bone calcium: A vast majority of body calcium is in bone. Within bone, 99% of the calcium is tied up in the mineral phase, but the remaining 1% is in a pool that can rapidly exchange with extracellular calcium. |
The source is not mentioned. |
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