von Prof. Amber Ferdoos
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| [1.] Af/Fragment 061 03 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2017-03-29 13:29:27 Schumann | Af, Development of Education 2004, Fragment, Gesichtet, KomplettPlagiat, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 61, Zeilen: 3-15, 101-111 |
Quelle: Development of Education 2004 Seite(n): 3-4, 7-8, Zeilen: 3:34-38-4:1-6.30-36; 7:35-41-8:1-9 |
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| Pakistan’s overall record in promoting and delivering gender equality is weak. There are, however, areas like education in which significant progress has been made in the recent years and indicators48 point to a steady though slow improvement. The ratio of girls to boys at all levels of education has improved; the ratio of literate females to males has risen; the share of women in urban employment (as a proxy indictor for share of women in wage employment in non-agricultural sector) has improved marginally; the role of women in national decision-making has improved significantly. However, gender concerns are not fully mainstreamed in the overall educational planning and management. The situation of urban women is better than their rural counter parts where parents are unable to afford the cost of education and access to schools is limited. Public expenditures tend to benefit boys rather than girls. The lack of access to education is compounded by dogmatic attitudes and socio-economic factors that inhibit girl’s education.
48 The National Commission for Human Development (NCHD) was founded in June 2002, is a public private partnership formed under the directive of the President of the Pakistan with a mission to promote development in the fields of health, education and micro-finance. It is funded through the Pakistan Human Development Fund registered under the Company’s Ordinance 1984. It has mobilized $5.5 million from private donors and $34 million from government resources. In education, NCHD aims to help the government achieve its Education For All (EFA) objectives by 2015. The NCHD is operating in 32 districts of the country and aims to cover all of Pakistan by the year 2007. The core strategy of the NCHD consists of: (a) public private partnership (b) capacity building of government’s line department, community organization and elected officials. |
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Education and gender equality Pakistan’s overall record in promoting and delivering gender equality is a weak one. There are, however, areas in which significant progress has been made and indicators point to a steady though slow improvement: • The ratio of girls to boys at all levels of education has improved; [page 4] • The ratio of literate females to males has risen; • The share of women in urban employment (as a proxy indicator for share of women in wage employment in non-agricultural sector) has improved marginally; • The role of women in national decision-making has improved significantly [...] Major concerns in achieving gender equality Gender concerns are not fully mainstreamed in the overall educational planning and management. The situation of urban women is better than their rural counter parts where parents are unable to afford the cost of education and access to schools is limited. Public expenditures tend to benefit boys rather than girls. The lack of access to education is compounded by dogmatic attitudes and socio-economic factors that inhibit girls education. [page 7] National Commission for Human Development (NCHD) Founded in June 2002, NCHD is itself a public private partnership formed under the directive of the President of Pakistan with a mission to promote development in the fields of health, education and micro-finance. It is funded through the Pakistan Human Development Fund registered under the Company’s Ordinance, 1984. It has mobilized $5.5 million from private donors and $34 million from government resources. In education, NCHD aims to help the government achieve its [page 8] EFA objective of 86% literacy by 2015 and 100 enrolment of children aged 5-7 years by (1) providing technical assistance in teacher training, syllabus development and instruction in practical life skills, (2) selecting, funding and training CSOs who will the implement the Commission’s objectives and (3) securing the participation and commitment of the communities. Currently, NCHD is operating in 32 districts of the country and aims to cover all of Pakistan by the year 2007. The core strategy of the NCHD consists of: (a) public private partnership (b) capacity building of government’s line departments, community organizations and elected officials (c) community ownership and participation. |
No source given; nothing has been marked as a citation. |
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